陕西黄龙山自然保护区褐马鸡春夏取食地比较

Comparison of Foraging Habitats for Brown-Eared Pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) During Summer and Spring in the Huanglong Mountains,China

2006年3～5月和2007年7，8月在陕西黄龙山自然保护区对褐马鸡春夏取食地的选择性进行了研究．采用Vanderloeg＆Scavia选择指数和资源选择函数方法分析表明：春季褐马鸡取食生境主要偏向于低海拔、沟底、乔木密度小于5个／100m^2、乔木直径大于20cm、草本盖度小于50％的针阔混交林；夏季主要偏向于高海拔、坡度小于20°、草本高度大于20cm和隐蔽级小于10％的阔叶林．褐马鸡春夏季取食地在植被类型、坡向、坡位、海拔、地理性、水源距离、人为干扰距离、乔木密度、乔木胸径、乔木高度、灌木盖度、灌丛高度、草本盖度、草本高度和隐蔽级上有显著差异（P〈0．05）．说明随着北方地区春夏季食物数量和质量的剧烈变化，褐马鸡对取食生境的利用对策也将发生一定程度的改变．

Selection of foraging habitats of brown eared pheasants （Crossoptilon mantchuricum） was studied with Vanderloeg ＆Scavia＇ index and resource selection functions in Huanglongshan Nature Reserve, Huanglong County, Shaanxi Province, China, from JuIy to August in 2007 and from March to May in 2006. The results showed that C. rnantchuricum preferred mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests, which grow at a relatively low altitude （〈1 200 m）, on gully bottom, with a density of trees of 〈5 individuals/ 100 m^2 a, a diameter of trees of 〈20 cm and a cover of grasses of 〈50% in spring, and broad-leaf forests, at a relatively high altitude （〈13 00 m）, with a slope degree of 〈20°, a height of grasses of 〈20 cm and a sheltering class of 〈10 % in summer. There were significant differences in vegetation type, slope direction, slope location, altitude, geographical, distance to water source and man-disturbance, density, diameter and height of trees, cover and height of shrub, cover and height of grasses and sheltering class between the foraging habitats in spring and summer, suggesting that in the northern region of China, the quantity and quality of foraging species have experienced great changes between spring and summer and the strategy of exploiting the foraging habitats by brown-eared pheasants varies greatly with the season.