龙川江河道内最小生态需水量估算

Estimatment on minimum ecological water requirement flow requirements of Longchuan River

龙川江是云南滇中高原面上最大的河流,其对楚雄州生态环境意义重大。龙川江经常出现断流现象,估算龙川江河道的生态需水量,可为龙川江的水量调控提供依据。通过对国内外河流生态需水量研究现状的梳理,选取曲率湿周法计算龙川江河道内最小生态需水量(MEIFR)。选取楚雄小河口、元谋小黄瓜园两个水文观测站的水文数据,估算出各观测站的MEIFR值:最大为6.8m3s-1,最小为0m3s-1。应用Tennant法研究结论分析龙川江MEIFR值,结果表明:按照龙川江整条河流多年平均径流量33.8m3s-1计,需要MEIFR达到3.38m3s-1,才能保护龙川江河道基本功能50%至全部,因此龙川江河道内现在的最小生态需水量并不能完全满足其河流的基本功能的需水量。

Longchuan River is the biggest river on plateau surface of middle Yunnan. It has big significance to Chuxiong state ecological environment. Longchuan River appears frequently blocks, Estimatment on Longchuan River ecological water requirement of river course; it may provide the basis for Longchuan River＇s water volume regulation. Through domestic and foreign rivers ecological water requirement research present situation combing, selection calculates in the river course of Longchuan River minimum ecological water requirement flow requirements （MEIFR） with wetted perimeter method. The selected data which is xiaohekou of chuxiong, xiao huanggnayuan of yuanmou, estimates various observation stations with that the MEIFR value is： the biggest is 6.8m3s^-1, the Smallest is 0m3s^-1. Analyzes the Longchuan River MEIFR value using the Tennant method research conclusion, The result indicates： according to Longchuan River entire strip rivers multi-annual mean amount of flow is 33.8m3s^-1, needs MEIFR to achieve 3.38m3s^-1 which can protect the Longchuan River course basic function one half to completely, so in the Longchuan River course the present smallest ecological water requirement cannot satisfy its rivers completely with the basic function water demand.