血管性脑白质损害及其对认知功能的影响

Vascular white matter lesions and its impact on cognitive function

神经影像学显示的脑白质损害常见于正常老年人和多种认知障碍患者，其病理学特征包括脱髓鞘、轴突丢失和腔隙性梗死，病理生理学机制可能是低灌注和脑血流紊乱引起的慢性脑缺血。血管性脑白质损害可引起不同程度的认知障碍，但与白质损害相关的确切痴呆病理学亚型尚无定论。

White matter lesions on neuroimaging are common in the normal aged and in patients with several cognitive disorders. Its pathological features include demyelination, axonal loss and lacunar infarction, and the pathophysiological mechanisms may be chronic cerebral ischemia caused by hypoperfusion and disturbance of cerebral blood flow disorders. Vascular white matter lesions may cause different degrees of cognitive disorders, but the exact the pathological subtype of dementia associated with white matter lesions remains uncertain.