花生主要农艺性状的配合力分析

Studies on Combining Ability of Major Agronomic Characters in Peanut

配合力是花生杂交育种中选择亲本的重要依据之一。以河南省生产推广应用的6个主要品种为亲本,采用Griffing方法2对花生主要农艺性状的配合力进行了研究。结果表明,总分枝数、结果枝数和出仁率主要受加性效应的影响,侧枝长和单株双仁秕果数的非加性效应作用更大些,单株双仁饱果数、单株果重、百仁重、主茎高、单株单仁秕果数和单株单仁饱果数同时受加性效应和非加性效应的影响,但主要以加性为主。豫花15号在单株果重、百仁重、单株双仁饱果数和单株单仁秕果数等主要产量性状上具有较高的一般配合力,其与濮花8号组配的杂交组合在单株果重、百仁重、主茎高和侧枝长上均具有较高的特殊配合力,是最具有利用价值的亲本材料。

Combining ability is very important to parent selection in peanut breeding. Six wide spread elite peanut parents in Henan province were used in a Griffing II mating design to study combining ability of major agronomic characters. The results showed that No. of total branches, No. of effective branches and ratio of seeds to pods were mainly affected by additive effect, No. of two blighted pods and length of primary branch were mainly affected by non-additive effect, and No. of two full pods, pods weight per plant, weight per 100-seed, height of main axis, No. of one blighted pod and No. of one full pod were simultaneously affected by additive and non-additive effect. Yuhua 15 had higher GCA effect in major yield traits such as pods weight per plant, weight per 100-seed, No. of two full pods and No. of one blighted pod, and its hybrid with Puhua 8 had higher SCA effect in some traits such as pods weight per plant, weight per 100-seed, height of main axis and length of primary branch. Yuhua 15 is a valuable parent in peanut breeding Henan province.