三色堇育种背景及新品种选育方法初探

Elementary Study on Breeding Background of Pansy and Two Method of Pansy Breeding

介绍了三色堇的育种历史,分类及种质资源,对三色堇开花授粉特性及亲本选育方法进行了研究。探讨了三色堇常规育种方法及非常规育种方法。以三色堇为母本,角堇为父本,通过常规杂交育种方法得到一个三色堇与角堇杂交种。品种对比试验结果表明,与亲本相比,新品种的花径更大,花期更长,更为耐热,是一个适合北京地区的早春盆花新品种。通过航天搭载的方法得到的三色堇育种材料的花色更为丰富。试验结果表明,航天搭载技术可增加三色堇育种材料花色的变异几率。同时,探讨了三色堇F1代种子的生产过程。

This article introduced the pansy breeding history and class and seed germ plasm resources. Characteristic of blooming and pollination were studied. Conventional breeding method and unconventional method were discussed. We got a new enter species cross hybrid by conventional breeding method and Viola x Wittrockiana was female parent and V. cornuta was male parent. The diameter of follower of the new variety was bigger and florescence was longer and the new variety was more heat-resistant the color of flower of the pansy breeding material was more abundant by space-Flight breeding technology. Experiment indicated that space-flight breeding technology can increase the mutation chance of pansy flower color meantime; pansy F1 seed production was studied.