南通市2004年～2008年流行性腮腺炎流行特征及分析

Epidemic characteristic and trend analysis on epidemic mumps in Nantong,2004-2008

目的:了解南通市流行性腮腺炎流行特征及趋势,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法:对流行性腮腺炎疫情监测资料,运用描述流行病学方法分析其流行特征和趋势。结果:2004年～2008年共报告腮腺炎3 903例,5年的发病率依次为:12.38、8.51、12.91、10.29和7.34/10万,总体呈下降趋势;年平均发病率为10.30/10万,低于全国近5年平均发病水平(19.88/10万)。其流行特征为4～7月为发病高峰,占总数的61.92%,5～14岁为高发年龄段,占70.54%,发病以学生(占76.86%)为主,其次是幼托儿童(10.56%)和散居儿童(4.59%)。暴发疫情主要发生在小学,占暴发总数的93.22%。结论:流行性腮腺炎的易感人群仍为学龄儿童,应加强对5～14岁儿童的腮腺炎疫苗接种工作,防止疫情暴发。

Objectives： Understand the epidemic characteristics and the trend of mumps in Nantong from 2004 to 2008 and to provide a scientific basis for its immune prevention and control. Methods： The surveillance data of from 2004 to 2008 in Nantong was collected and analyzed by using descriptive epidemiology method. Results： There were 3 903 mumps cases reported in Nantong, the annual incidence of mumps was 12. 38, 8. 51, 12. 91, 10. 29 and 7. 34/100,000 from 2004 to 2008, respectively, which showed an obvious decrease. The annual average incidence was 10. 30/100,000 and was lower than the average level of China （19. 88/100,000）. The endemic of mumps show an apparent seasonal features and the peak was from April to July （61.92% of total cases）. The incidence of mumps of children age 5 to 14 was the highest （70. 54% of total cases） among all age groups. The patients are mainly the students, next are the kindergartners and the scatter children. And most of the outbreaks oeeurred in primary schools with cases of 220 （93. 22 %）. Conclusions：Although the incidence of infectious disease is increasingly going down due to the planned immune strategy, the surveillance and the report of mumps should be strengthened, the MMR vaccine rate of 18-month children should be boosted and the children aged 5 to 14 should be encouraged to receive mumps or other combined vaccination voluntarily to enhance their immune response.