轴承刚度对船舶轴系振动特性的影响研究

Effect of bearing stiffness on ship shafting system vibration performance

针对某船舶轴系进行了三维几何建模,对不同位置、不同刚度的轴承条件下的轴系固有振动特性进行了分析,得到了不同位置不同刚度的轴承对船舶轴系固有振动特性的影响。计算结果表明,不同位置轴承刚度的变化对船舶轴系固有振动特性的影响有很大的不同。在所有的轴承中,船舶前后艉架轴承和船舶艉管轴承对船舶轴系的振动特性影响最大,同时这些轴承工作条件恶劣,在船舶正常运行过程中刚度要发生很大的变化,因此在船舶运行过程中必须时刻注意这些轴承的性能变化。其它位置处的径向轴承由于刚度相对较大,而且刚度不易发生变化,因此对船舶轴系的振动特性影响较小。而推力轴承刚度的变化影响只影响轴系的高频振动,对船舶轴系最关注的低频振动来说,影响可以不计。

3-D geometry model of ship shafting system was built. Analyzed the ship shafting system＇s characteristic under different position＇s different bearing stiffness. The effect of different position＇s different bearing stiffness on the vibration characteristic of ship shafting system. Numerical results show that different position＇s bearings＇ stiffness change has much more difference on ship shafting system. Of all the bearings, ship fore, aft support bearing and ship aft stern tube bearing have the most impact on ship shafting these bearing＇s stiffness vary when the ship working due to system＇s vibration characteristic. Moreover, because the bad working environment. There must be more. attention on the change of these bearings＇ performance. Because of the relatively larger stiffness of other position＇s radial bearings and the stiffness of which are not easy to change, the impact of above bearings is much less. The thrust bearing＇ stiffness changing only affect shafting system＇s high frequency vibration, the effect of thrust on shafting system which consider low frequency vibration can be neglected.