基于不同发展路径的FDI的技术溢出效应研究——以我国沿海发达地区为例

Different Development Paths Based on Technology Spillover Effect of FDI:Taking Developed Coastal Regions in China as an Example

我国沿海发达地区的江苏、浙江、广东3省是"苏南模式"、"温州模式"和"珠江模式"三大模式的发祥地。本文以1998-2007年的面板数据为样本,采用计量模型对制造业外商直接投资在粤苏浙3省的外溢效应进行了比较分析,发现外商直接投资对江苏、浙江两省的本土制造业产生了明显的挤出效应,对广东省则产生了正向外溢效应。进一步的分析表明,3省制造业发展路径的差异,包括产业结构演变、内外资格局、国际分工定位的不同是产生外商直接投资增长效应差异的主要原因。由此说明,单纯推进外商直接投资总额的增长不能解决我国制造业存在的问题,要提高外商直接投资的溢出效应,关键在于根据产业发展路径的结构特征在发展战略与政策方面做出恰当的选择。

China developed coastal areas as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces are birthplace of the three models, ＂Sunan model＂ , ＂Wenzhou model＂ and ＂Pearl River Model＂ . Using 1998-2007 panel data as sample, this paper analyzes the FDI spillover effects in Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang manufacturing, and finds that FDI has significant crowding-out effect on local manufacturing in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, while in Guangdong there is a positive spillover effect. Further analysis shows that manufacturing development path differences of the three provinces including the evolution of industrial structure, the pattern of domestic and foreign capital, and the localization for international labor division are the main reasons for the growth effect differences of FDI. It shows that simply promoting the growth of total FDI can not solve the problems in China manufacturing industry. To raise FDI spillover effect, we should make appropriate developing strategies and policies according to structural features of industrial development.