旱塬黑垆土玉米抗旱节水栽培技术研究

Reports of Cultivation Techniques of Drought Resistance & Water-saving of Corn in Dark Loessial Soils on Dry Highland

对旱地玉米应用不同抗旱节水栽培技术进行研究。结果表明:地膜覆盖、抢墒播种、带水播种、浸种催芽、适时补水等抗旱播种保苗技术较露地直播增产64.7%～130.5%,水分生产效率提高0.48～1.11kgm-3,水分生产效益提高0.57～1.21元m-3,农田节水量达到212.0～476.2m3mu-1。在地膜覆盖条件下,带水播种可增产21.6%,浸种催芽带水播种可增产6.6%～29.6%,适时补水可增产7.9%～39.9%,水分生产效率、水分生产效益和农田节水量明显提高。

These water-saving techniques such as plastic film mulching, seeding early, seeding with watering, seed soaking and irrigating properly increased the yield with 64.7% - 130.5%, the efficiency of water with 0.48 - 1.11 kg m^-3, the benefit of water with 0.57 - 1.21 yuan m^-3 and the water-saving amount between 212.0 and 476.2 m^-3 per mu compared with normal cultivation. In the cultivation of plastic film mulching, the yields of corn were increased by 21.6% under seeding with watering, 6.6% - 29.6% under seed soaking, 7.9% - 39.9% under proper irrigation.