潮土区校园土壤重金属有效性研究

Heavy Metal Availability in Campus Soils in Alluvial Soil Area

研究探讨了位于潮土区的河南工业大学嵩山路校区的校园土壤重金属有效性。在占地20hm2的校园内选择41个样点,采集0～5cm和5～15cm土壤样品,分析了DTPA态重金属的含量。结果显示,土壤DTPA态Cu、Zn、Pb和Mn的平均含量分别为2.40、12.39、4.55和6.93mgkg-1,明显高于农业潮土的重金属有效性;5～15cm层次4种重金属有效性在不同功能区之间没有显著差异;0～5cm层次内,服务区Mn含量显著低于学生生活区(P<0.1)和办公区(P<0.05);学生生活区Zn含量显著高于教学区(P<0.05)和服务区(P<0.1);0～5cm层次和5～15cm层次相同重金属之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01),但不同重金属在两个层次之间的大小关系并不一致。以上结果表明,人为因素导致潮土区校园土壤重金属有效性增加,人为因素的影响集中在0～5cm土壤层次,教学区重金属有效性较低。

Soil heavy metal availability on a 20 ha campus in Alluvial Soil （Endorusti-Ustic Cambosols） area was investigated. Soil samples were collected at 41 sites at the depths of 0 - 5 cm and 5 - 15 cm and analyzed. DTPA-copper （Cu）, zinc （Zn）, lead （Pb） and manganese （Mn） averaged at 2.40, 12.39, 4.55 and 6.93 mg kg^-1, which were much higher than farming Alluvial Soil in this area. No significant difference were found for these four metals in different area in 5～15cm layer; however, soils from service area contained less DTPA-Mn than students living area （P〈0.1） and office area （P〈0.05）, and soils from students living area contained higher DTPA-Zn content than teaching area （P〈0.05） and service area （P〈0.1）; significant difference for all four heavy metals were observed between 0 - 5 cm and 5 - 15 cm layers, with higher Pb and Mn contents being found in 0 - 5 cm layer, while higher Cu and Zn contents being found in 5 - 15 cm layer. The results suggested heavy metal availability was enhanced in campus soil by anthropogenic activity, most of which existing in 0 - 5 cm layer; lower heavy metal availability exists in teaching area than students living area, office area and service area.