《新青年》与现代中国写实主义文学思潮

New Youth and modern Chinese Realistic literary trend of thought

《新青年》是现代中国第一份有较大影响的文学思想类刊物,它广泛引进和吸收运用西方文化,无论是陈独秀"欧化(西化)"主张,还是胡适提出的"输入学理"、蔡元培的"兼容并包"思想,都在最大限度地吸收新的信息,其宣扬的人道主义、进化论和科学主义,刷新了中国人的思想。文学进化论是《新青年》提倡文学革命的一个基本理论,在其影响下,写实主义不但成为一种主要的文学思潮,也成为一种重要的文学创作手法,推动了一批新文学作品的产生,为现代中国写实主义文学思潮的兴起营造了良好的时代氛围,提供了坚实的社会思想基础。考察新文学,从主题内容到语言意象,从创作方法到形象系列,从文学观念到思想形式等,无不或隐或显地受到"科学"的巨大影响。由此,《新青年》所倡导的科学主义成为现代中国写实主义文学思潮的重要源头。

＂New Youth＂ is the first influential literary thought journal in modem China. ＂ New Youth＂ extensively brings in western culture and at the same time applies it. Whether Chen Duxiu＇s advoeation of ＂Europeanize＂ （westernize） , Hu Shi＇s ＂ bring-in＂ theory Or Cai Yuanpei＇s ＂all-embracing＂ idea, they all maximumly absorb new information. In the meanwhile, humanitarianism, the theory of evolution and the trend of socialism thought, renovates the Chinese way of thinking. Literary theory of evolution is the basic theory which ＂New Youth＂ advocates in the area of literary revolution. Under the influence of ＂New Youth＇s＂ theory of evolution, realism becomes not only a major literary trends, but also an important literary approach. The first batch of new literary works are produced under the circumstances, including Lu Xun＇s novels. At the same time, ＂New Youth＂ upholds science and the historical trend, praises the context of scientific doctrine, which creates a good atmosphere of the times for the rise of modem realistic thought. A solid ideological foundation of society is therefore provided as well. Examining new literature is either explicitly or implicitly influenced by the enormous impact of ＂ scientific＂, from the subject matter to ＇language imagery, from the creative method to the image series, from the ideological form of literature to concepts, etc. Therefore, ＂ New Youth＂ becomes the important source of Chinese realistic literary trend of thought.