社会支持对彭州市外送医疗地震伤员心理影响的研究

Relative study of social supports to mental health among remote-treating earthquake-wounded patients in Penzhou

目的探讨社会支持对异地医疗地震伤员心理健康的影响。方法将符合入组条件的81例异地医疗返乡伤员作为观察组,选取当地另外81例地震轻伤员作为对照组,采用SSRS、PTSD-SS、SCL-90分量表进行评定比较,并做相关性分析。结果1)SSRS:两组SSRS评分极显著高于全国常模,观察组的SSRS总分显著高于对照组(t=4.238,P<0.01);2)PTSD-SS:观察组有18.5%出现PTSD,其PTSD发病率、PTSD-SS总分显著低于对照组;3)SCL-90三个分量表评分结果:两组伤员的焦虑、抑郁、躯体化因子项评分均高于全国常模,而观察组的焦虑、抑郁评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);4)Pearson相关性分析显示社会支持度与PTSD-SS、SCL-90的焦虑-抑郁-躯体化症状呈显著负相关。结论地震伤员普遍存在创伤后应激障碍、焦虑、抑郁等心理问题,良好的社会支持能显著提高伤员的心理健康。

Objective To explore the social supports and mental health of the remote--treating patients wounded on earthquake and the relations between them. Methods 81 returned remote--treating patients （Observation group）wounded in Wen Chuan earthquake were respectively tested by Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS） .Self--rating scale of PTSD （PTSD--SS）and parts of Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL--90） ,and another 81 Slight--wounded patients were chose as control. The results of SSRS,PTSD --SS,SCL--90 were compared with each other or with national norms, and their correlations were done. Results 1）SSRS：Both groups, average scores were higher than the national norms, and the score of observations group was higher than that of the control; these differences were significantly （P〈0.01）. 2） PTSD--SS： 18. 5 % in observations were diagnosed as PTSD and 25.3%in all subjects, the average scores of PTSD--SS were lower than the control＇s. 3）Parts of SCL--90 ： Both groups, anxiety--depression--body symptoms parts points of SCL--90 were also higher than the national norms, anxiety and depression points of observations were lower than the control＇s. 4）Pearson correlation analysis showed the SSRS and PTSD-- KS.anxiety-- depression--body symptoms parts points of SCL-- 90 to a notable negative correlation. Conclusions PTSD,anxiety,depression,etc,are common among the wounded;better social supports are more helpful to improve their mental health.