矿物催化稠油水热裂解及其强化实验研究

Laboratory Study on Mineral Catalyzed Aquathermolysis of Heavy oil and Enhancement

采用辽河稠油,通过室内实验研究了高温水蒸汽作用下油藏矿物及化学剂环烷酸镍和甲酸对稠油性质的影响。结果表明:实验所用辽河稠油能够发生水热裂解反应,反应后粘度可降低11.69%;油藏矿物对水热裂解反应具有催化作用,能使稠油的降粘率增加一倍左右;环烷酸镍和甲酸的加入使稠油的饱和烃和芳香烃含量进一步增加、胶质和沥青质含量进一步减少,杂原子含量尤其是硫含量明显降低,H/C原子比进一步增加,稠油的品质得到提升,稠油粘度分别从反应前的63670mPa.s降低到19190mPa.s和15010mPa.s,降粘率达到69.86%和76.43%,环烷酸镍和甲酸能强化矿物催化的稠油水热裂解反应。

Using oil samples from Liaohe oilfield, laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of reservoir mineral, nicklous naphthenate and formic acid on the properties of heavy oils under the condition of high temperature steam. The results indicate that, the oil samples used can occur aquathermolysis, the viscosity of oil sample reduced 11. 69% after reaction. Reservoir minerals can catalyze the aquathermolysis of heavy oil, the reduction rate was doubled by the action of reservoir minerals. The addition of nicklous naphthenate and formic acid leads to higher contents of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions and lower contents of resin and asphaltene fractions, the content of heteroatom especially the sulfur reduced obviously, the ratio of H/C increased, showing the quality of heavy oil being upgraded. The viscosity of oil samples dropped from 63670mPa· s to 19190mPa · s and 15010mPa · s with the viscosity reduction ratio rising to 69.86% and 76.4% respectively, which means that the chemical agents, nieklous naphthenate and formic acid, can enhance the mineral catalyzed aquathermolysis of heavy oil.