性别与权力:肖沃尔特的女性主义诗学观阐释

Gender and Power:Showalter's Feminist Poetics

本文旨在深入阐释肖沃尔特创立的"女性批评学"核心思想:"女权批判"、"妇女中心批评"以及女性批评理论的建构策略。作为女性主义文学批评"荒野"的开拓者之一,肖沃尔特始终坚持女性经验集体书写的批评立场。这个立场彰显出女性性别的差异性和独特性,也昭示着女性主义文学批评的文化批判和政治介入功能。她的性别诗学超越了现实政治层面,落实在人文主义思想上展开批评,在当下体现出"女性批评学"的人文主义实践意义。

This article attempts to interpret Elaine Showalter's grounding feminist literary theory of 'gynocriticism' in detailed and all-round manner.Interpretation centers on the three features of gynocriticsm:feminist critique,gynocritics and its contribution to American feminist criticism.As an advocate of feminist criticism in 'wilderness' in the 1980s,she has been holding down the critical standpoint of women as collective literary group.This view celebrates the difference and distinctiveness of female sex and forecasts cultural and political functions of feminist literary theory.Surpassing immediate political outcome,Showalter's feminist poetics roots itself in Humanism tradition,which hence underpins the pragmatic connotation of 'gynocriticism'.