灵芝原生质体单核化杂交育种

Hybridization of Ganoderma lucidum by Protoplast Monokaryogenesis Method

由于灵芝孢子难以在人工条件下萌发,因此灵芝无法通过常规的担孢子萌发的方法获得灵芝杂交育种所需的单核菌株,这使灵芝的育种进展缓慢。利用生物统计软件和分子生物学方法,选择遗传距离较远和农艺性状互补的G.l0006、G.l0012、G.l0024、G.l0030+2和G.l0003+1作为亲本菌株。通过原生质体单核化技术,获得了81株灵芝单核菌株,对此单核菌株进行了交配型测定,获得了7种不同交配型的型芝。单原根核生据菌质灵株体芝。单单从核核理菌菌论丝丝上的的说2生,类双长交核速配菌度型丝,的选体比择经例原8株并生单非质核1体∶菌1单,株有核作的化为菌后杂丝2交种体育交经种配原材型生料的质,比体将例单筛应核选为化出1的后∶1,单只但核找结菌到果株1显种进示交行,灵配两两配对,根据锁状联合的有无,共得到24株杂交菌株,通过拮抗反应验证,证实24株杂交菌株是真正的杂交菌株。结果表明:灵芝原生质体单核化杂交育种技术是可行的。

The spores of Ganoderma lucidum are difficult to germinate under the artificial conditions, so itJs un- able to get the monokaryotic strains which is necessary in breeding of G. lucidum, so it restrict the hybridization process of the Ganoderma. In this study the G.IO006, G.10012, G.10024, G.10030＋2, and G.10003＋l strains were screened out as the hybrid parent according to their genetic distance and agronomic traits complementa- ry.81 mononuclear strains were obtained by protoplast monokaryogenesis method, among them, 7 mononuclear strains of different mating types were obtained. Theoretically, if two mating types are isolated from a dikaryon, they should be evenly distributed（1 ： 1）, However, a skewed ratio of two kinds of segregation manners has been observed.8 mononuclear strains were select as a cross-breeding material according to the growth rate of myce- lia, two monokarryotic strains of each parental strains with different genotype were mated, and 24 hybrids were obtained, which were identified by clamp connection observation and antagonist response. This study indicat- ed the practicality of the protoplast monokaryogenesis method.