陕西省不同海拔高度地区椒样薄荷精油成分分析及香气品质评价

Constituents Determination and Aroma Quality Evaluation of the Essential Oil of Peppermint(Mentha piperita L.) from Different Elevation Areas in Shaanxi

以美国样品为对照，用GC-MS法分析了陕西甘泉、麟游、旬邑、千阳及长安库峪、石砭峪、冯三等不同海拔高度地区椒样薄荷精油的组成成分及相对含量，分别鉴定出38种化学成分，其含量分别占组分总量的96%以上。它们的主要组成成分相同，均为薄荷酮、薄荷呋喃、乙酸薄荷酯、薄荷醇、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、苧烯、1、8-桉叶油素、3-辛醇、水烩烯、异薄荷酮、新薄荷醇、石竹烯、胡薄荷酮、大根香叶烯、胡椒醇、绿花醇等，但其含量有较大的差别，从而使精油香气品质产生了很大的差异。陕西甘泉、麟游、旬邑、千阳、库峪、石砭峪等较高海拔（1000～1500m）地区精油主要成分的含量与美国样品接近，各香气成分比例协调、和谐，香气圆韵、温和，清甜纯正，香气品质优，达到国际优质标准，可完全与目前世界公认的优等精油产品美国精油媲美；而长安冯三等较低海拔地区精油由于薄荷酮含量过高而薄荷醇含量过低，精油的特征香气不明显，香味较淡，稳定性差，香气品质较差。

The constituents of the essential oil of peppermint（Mentha piperita L.）from Ganquan/Linyou/Xunyi/ Qianyang/Kuyu/Shibianyu and Fengshan and so on different elevation areas in Shaanxi were analyzed by GC-MS, 38 kinds of compounds were respectively identified and quantified, which accounted for 96% of the to- tal peak area respectly. The main chemical constituents of the essential oil of peppermint are identical, which is 1-menthone, l-menthol, menthlacetate, menthofuan, α-pinene,β-pinene, limonene, 1, 8-cineole, 3-octanol, isomenthone, pulegone, neomenthol, caryophyllene, sabinenehydrate, germacrene-D, piperitol, viridiflorol, so on lower elevation in Shaanxi is not obvious, the stability and the aroma quality is bader because of its lower content of 1-methol content, higher content of 1-menthone, and lighter flavor.