川西北大穗大粒型小麦灌浆规律研究

Studies on the Grain-Filling Characteristics of Wheat Varieties with Big—spike and High-kernel Weight in Northwest SiChuan

了解不同熟期大穗大粒型小麦灌浆生理特性对选育优良品种及提高小麦单位面积产量具有重要的指导意义。笔者研究大穗大粒小麦籽粒灌浆干物质积累模型及灌浆特性与粒重的相关分析。结果表明:小麦籽粒干重变化呈"S"曲线,灌浆速率和籽粒水分含量均呈正态曲线。最大灌浆速率Rmax,渐增期(R1)快增期(R2)和缓增期速率(R3),渐增期持续天数(T1)是影响粒重的重要参数,各阶段灌浆速率与持续时间呈显著负相关。因此在大穗大粒高产小麦栽培和育种中可通过选育高灌浆速率,尤其是高快增期灌浆速率的品种;通过适当的栽培措施协调灌浆速率与持续时间的矛盾,增加缓增期灌浆速率而提高粒重。

Studying on the grain-filling characteristics of wheat with big-spike and high-kernel weight is im- portant to breeding new varieties and high yield. The characteristics of wheat with big-spike and high-kernel weight were studied on grain-filling model of dry matter accumulation and grain filling characteristics and weight of the correlation analysis. The results showed that： temperature -sensitive two-line hybrid wheat grain dry weight changes were ＂S＂ curve, wheat rain-filling rate and grain moisture content showed a normal curve. The biggest grainfilling rate（R~=）, R1,R2,R3, and increasing the number of days duration are important parame- ters affect the grain weight. In addition, there was a significantly negative correlation between the grain-filling rate and the grain-filling duration at each stage, herefore, Breeding of new varieties with high grain-filling rate and high R2, coordination grain-filling rate and duration at each stage, and increasing grain filling rate（R3） by cultural techniques could increase kernel weight.