2004～2008年绵竹市腮腺炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Mumps in Mianzhu City from 2004 to 2008

[目的]了解本市流行性腮腺炎的流行特征,为有效控制该病提供科学依据。[方法]采用描述流行病学分析方法,对绵竹市2004～2008年流行性腮腺炎发病情况进行统计分析。[结果]2004～2008年共报告流行性腮腺炎606例,年均发病率23.86/10万。不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。城区发病(213例)低于农村(393例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性发病356例、女性发病250例,男女比为1.42∶1;发病时间以4～7月较多,占发病总数的48.18%,经圆形分布法分析(r=0.240 8,P<0.01),发病高峰时点为4月1日;发病年龄以4～15岁为主,占发病总数的78.22%;职业以15岁以下的散居儿童、托幼儿童、学生为主,占发病总数的88.12%。[结论]腮腺炎已成为危害儿童健康的主要传染病之一,应加强腮腺炎的免疫预防工作,规范的开展腮腺炎疫苗的免疫接种(以儿童、学生为主要接种对象),提高人群免疫水平,是减缓流行性腮腺炎的发病趋势的关键。

[Objective]To understand epidemiological characteristics of epidemic mumps in this area.and provide scientific basis for effective control of this disease. [Methods]Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Mianzhu city from 2004 to 2008 was conducted. [Results]A totol of 606 mumps cases were reported between 2004 and 2008 with the average incidence was 23.86/100 000. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between different years （ P 〈0.01）. The case from urban area （213） was lower than that from rural area （393） （ P 〈0.01）,of which 356 were male and 250 were female,the gender ratio was 1.42 = 1. The most cases were reported from April to July, accounting for 48.18%, after applying circular distribution analysis, the incidence peak point was April 1st. More cases at the age from 7 to 15, accounting for 78.22%. and occupations mainly scattered children, kindergarten children and students under 15 years old,accounting for 88.12 %. [Conclusion]Mumps has become one of infectious disease threatening childreff s health. In order to increase crowd immune level, the immunity work for mumps should be improved and immunization should be standardized, which is the key problem of controlling the incidence of epidemic mumps.