不同心理健康状况中学生睡眠质量的调查分析

Investigation on Sleep Quality of Middle School Students with Different Mental Health Status

目的了解黑龙江省不同心理健康状况中学生的睡眠质量状况,为改善中学生身心健康提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群方法,按黑龙江省不同地区经济发展水平,在省会城市、地级市、县级市共抽取有代表性学校11所中学生3975人。采用Kessler Psychological Distress Scale量表(K10)、自杀意念和自杀行为调查表调查中学生的心理健康状况,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表进行睡眠质量的调查,采用疲劳量表-14调查中学生疲劳现况。结果随着中学生心理健康水平的降低,PSQI各成分的得分均呈现增加的趋势。29.7%中度抑郁心境的中学生有睡眠质量问题,约51.2%重度抑郁心境者有睡眠质量问题。有自杀意念、自杀行为者PSQI各成分得分均高于无自杀意念和无自杀企图者。34.1%有自杀意念和40.5%有自杀行为的中学生有睡眠质量问题,而有自杀行为的中学生的PSQI各成分得分均高于有自杀意念的中学生。K10得分、自杀意念、自杀行为以及疲劳量表-14得分与PSQI各成份及总分均呈显著相关。结论中学生心理健康状况与睡眠质量之间密切相关。早期治疗失眠、提高睡眠质量对于防治精神障碍的发生和发展有重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality of middle school students with different mental health status in Heilongjiang province,and to provide scientific basis for intervention of child＇s physical and psychological health.Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling procedure was used to select a sample of middle school students（n=4 023）in Heilongjiang Province.Mental health status was measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale（K10）,suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior questionnaire.Sleep quality was measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）,and fatigue was measured by Fatigue Scale-14（FS-14）.Results With the decrease of the child＇s mental health status,scores of PSQI increased.29.7% of the students with moderate psychological distress and 51.2% of those with severe psychological distress reported sleep problems.Students with suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior had higher PSQI scores than those without suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior.34.1%students with suicidal ideation and 40.5% students with suicidal behavior reported sleep problems.Students with suicidal behavior scored higher than those with suicidal ideation.PSQI scores correlated closely to K10 scores,Fatigue Scale-14 scores and suicidal ideation and behavior.ConclusionThere was a strong correlation between mental health status and sleep quality.Early treatment of sleep problems can prevent the occurrence and development of mental disorders.