无线传感器网络虚拟力覆盖控制及节能优化研究

Research on energy-efficient optimization for coverage control in wireless sensor networks

综合考虑无线传感器网络的能量约束、覆盖要求,结合天线理论,将无线传感器网络的覆盖控制问题归结于一个多目标非线性规划问题,从而推导并建立了一个多目标非线性规划问题的数学模型。解决方法上,提出了一种基于节能的虚拟力优化算法。将传感器节点与目标覆盖区域的虚拟力操作和节点之间的虚拟力操作按节约能耗的约束同时进行,从而达到覆盖控制技术的优化目的。仿真实验表明,该策略对解决多目标非线性规划问题有着良好的收敛性与普适性,可以满足无线传感器网络的覆盖控制要求,并可以将网络的生命周期最大化,提高了系统的性能。

Combined with antenna theory, the problem wireless sensor networks covering control is boiled down to of the math model multi-objective nonlinear programming problem by satisfying energy constraints and covering requirements. And then, a multi-objective nonlinear programming problem is set up. A virtual power optimization algorithm based on the energy is presented in solutions. For covering control optimization, the action of virtual force is operated at the same time in energy-efficient way between sensor nodes and the region as well as between every two of the nodes. The result of simulation demonstrates that the strategy meets the covering control requirements, maximizes the network life cycle, and improves the convergence speed and the performance of the system.