基于路径损耗的无线传感器网络分布式拓扑控制算法

Path-Loss Based Distributed Topology Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

对无线传感器网络中目前最常用的3种链路度量标准进行分析和比较得出,在满足一定收包率要求时,节点的接收信号强度存在一个最小阈值.考虑接收信号强度作为拓扑构建条件时需节点具备相同发射功率的不足,提出将路径损耗大小作为拓扑构建的条件,设计了一种分布式拓扑控制算法——PLBD.该算法在保证收包率的同时,还使各节点之间的通信保留最小损耗链路.仿真结果表明,PLBD 算法构建的拓扑不仅能够保证网络连通性,还具有通信时延低,健壮性好,能量消耗相对均衡的特点.

After an analysis and comparison of three most commonly used link-measuring standards in wireless sensor networks at present, it is concluded that there exists the lowest threshold of received signal strength （RSS） to satisfy a certain packet reception rate （PRR）. Before taking RSS as the condition to construct topology, all nodes need to use the uniform transmitting power. Thus, the path-loss is determined as the condition of topology construction, and a path-loss based distributed topology control algorithm （PLBD） is designed. This algorithm does not only guarantee PRR, but also maintain the least loss links for correspondence between nodes. The simulation results have indicates that the topology constructed by PLBD algorithm keeps the network connective, and it has more advantages like low correspondence time-delay, good robustness and relatively balanced energy consumption.