知识和经验对救援人员实战心理的影响分析

Study on the Effect of Knowledge and Experience on Fire Fighter's Psychology

为了解影响救援人员实战心理的关键因素及其作用,采用走访、专家访谈和问卷调查的方法,对我国消防部队的人员组成、心理状况和实战心理进行调查和研究,重点分析消防队员掌握灾害知识和经验积累对实战中出现的恐惧、紧张、急躁等心理的影响。研究结果表明,灾害知识和救援经验的增加对大部分消防队员均能起到消除紧张情绪的作用,知识水平和实战中的紧张与恐惧心理呈现明显的负相关,且影响显著。笔者认为:将救援队伍和人员的灾害知识培训纳入日常工作,对提高救援部队的总体作战能力具有重要作用;对于高级指挥人员,理论知识水平的提高有助于更佳的指挥应对。

In order to know the key factors that would influence the facing-disaster psychology of fire fighters, studies were carried out with investigation, interview, and questionnaire. The personnel and the psychology status of China＇s fire fighter team is analyzed, the psychology behavior of fear, nervousness, and impetuosity is studied under different levels of knowledge and experience for disasters. It is shown that for most of the fire fighters, the increase of knowledge and experience of disasters reduces their psychology of nervousness. The hazard knowledge level has negative correlation with psychology of nervousness and fear, and the effect is distinct. This study indicates that in order to improve emergency response capability, the training and education of hazard knowledge should be set as a regular work for fire fighter teams, and as for the commanders, high hazards knowledge level do help for better emergency respbnses.