投标保证金相关法律问题研究——兼论招标文件发布行为的双重法律性质

The research on the legalissues of tender bond——on tenderee document declaration behavior's double law character

投标保证金是指由投标人以其所有的一定数额的金钱向招标人提供的,保证投标人按照招标文件的规定参加招标活动的担保。狭义的投标保证金采用现金形式,从性质上应为非典型担保形式——保证金担保或押金担保。招标文件包含有实体性内容与程序性内容,与之相应在法律性质上招标人发布招标文件的行为分别具有要约邀请和要约的法律属性。其中,关于程序性内容的合同是投标担保的主合同,投标保证金所担保的对象即为程序性合同所规定的投标人义务。狭义的投标保证金合同与主合同于投标截止时间到达时同时成立和生效。

Tender bond is the money that the bidder pay to the tenderee to assure he will put in the tender according to the tender documents.Tender bond is cash on narrow sense.It is a atypical guarantee.Tender documents including the entities content and procedural content.For bidder,the former is offers invited and the later is offer.Among them,the contract on procedural content is the main contract of tender guarantee,tender bond＇s target is the obligations under the contract on procedural content.In the tender deadline,the narrow tender bond contract and its main contract set up and entry into force at the same time.