医学生沟通技能态度及相关因素分析

Assessment of Medical Students' Attitude to Communication Skills and Analysis of Related Factors

目的调查医学生对沟通技能的态度,了解其相关因素。方法采用方便抽样的方法抽取306名医学生,应用一般资料问卷及Donald[4]等研制的医学沟通技能态度中文版进行调查。结果医学生正性态度均分为(3.94±0.45),负性态度均分为(2.45±0.73),中性态度均分(3.28±0.63).不同性别的医学生之间沟通技能态度各维度之间无统计学差异(P>0.05);护理专业的学生在正性态度得分高于其他专业(P<0.01),而负性态度得分低于其他专业(P<0.05),而中性态度各专业间无统计学差异;医学生的实践经历与正性态度成正相关(P<0.01),而与负性态度成负相关(P<0.01),与中性态度未发现相关性(P>0.05)。结论医学生对沟通技能的态度是积极的。不同专业及实践经历的多少与沟通技能的正性态度及负性态度有关,而与中性态度无关,性别与沟通技能态度之间不存在相关性。

Objective To investigate medical students＇ attitude to communication skills and explore the related factors. Methods Totally 306 medical students were recruited in the survey and 297 returned an effective questionnaire with a response rate of 97%. The questionnaire included two parts ： the demographic information and the communication skill attitude scale developed by Donald. Results The medical students＇ mean score in positive, negative and neutral attitudes was 3.94 ± 0.45, 2.45 ± 0.73, and 3.28 ± 0.63, respectively. There was no difference between boy students and girl students （P 〉 0.05）. Students majoring in nursing got higher scores than the others in positive attitude （ P 〈 0.01 ） and lower in negative attitude （P 〈 0.05）. No difference was found among different majors in neutral attitude. Practice experience was found positively related to positive attitude （P 〈 0.01 ） but negatively related to negative attitude （P 〈0.01 ）, but no correlation was found with neutral attitude （P 〉0.05）. Conclusion Medical students are positive about medical communication skills in general. Major and practice experience are factors related to positive attitude and negative attitude.