城市绿地降雨径流污染特征对比研究:以澳门与厦门为例

Comparative Study on Characteristics of Urban Rainfall Runoff from Two Urban Lawn Catchments in Macao and Xiamen

在澳门与厦门分别选一分流制管道类型的绿地小流域开展降雨径流监测,以研究城市绿地降雨径流污染特征.结果表明,两城市绿地小流域降雨径流的主要污染物为COD、TP、NO3^--N,其EMC平均值分别为165.77-60.48 mg/L、0.96-0.44 mg/L和7.16-1.18 mg/L;两城市绿地的COD、TP、NO3^--N污染负荷平均值分别为6.53-0.63 kg/hm^2、0.037 5-0.004 7 kg/hm^2和0.012 2-0.012 8 kg/hm^2;绿地降雨径流污染物浓度峰值出现时间早于径流量峰值;城市绿地降雨径流初始冲刷效应不明显,厦门绿地小流域降雨径流COD、TSS、TP及NO3^--N的FF30分别为36.26%、26.13%、28.13%和39.03%.基于多元回归分析结果表明,总降雨量和总径流量是影响绿地降雨径流污染初始冲刷效应的主要因素.

A comparative study on characteristics of stormwater runoff from two urban lawn catchments in Macao （ELH） and Xiamen （PGH） with separated sewer system were conducted. The result obtained shows that COD, TP and NO3^- -N are the major pollutants with mean EMC of 165.77-60.48 mg/L, 0.96-0.44 mg/L and 7.16-1.18 rag/L, respectively, and the mean values of pollutants loads of COD, TP and NO3^- -N from study lawn catchments are 6.53-0.63 kg/hm^2, 0.037 5-0.004 7 kg/hm^2 and 0.012 2-0.012 8 kg/hm^2, respectively. Peak values of major pollutant concentrations usually precede the flow peak. First flush effect of rainfall runoff from two study catchments is no obvious, which can he reflected by the low mean value of FF30 of TSS, COD, TP and NO3^--N, with 36.26%, 26.13%, 28.13% and 39.03%, respectively. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, first flush effect from urban lawn rainfall runoff is greatly influenced by total rainfall amount （ Tr ） and total runoff volume （ V）.