污水短程硝化反硝化和同步硝化反硝化生物脱氮中N_2O释放量及控制策略

N_2O Emission and Control in Shortcut Nitrification and Denitrification and Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification Biological Nitrogen Removal Systems

采用SBR反应器考察了短程硝化反硝化和同步硝化反硝化脱氮过程中N2O的释放.通过实时控制策略实现了短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮,亚硝化率可维持在90%以上.在溶解氧水平为0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0 mg/L条件下,考察N2O的释放和亚硝化率的变化情况.结果表明,溶解氧1.5 mg/L时最有利于维持稳定的亚硝化率,同时N2O逸出量最小,每去除1 g氨氮释放N2O0.06 g;在碳纤维填料SBR反应器中,通过维持较低溶解氧水平和分段投加碳源的运行方式成功实现了同步硝化反硝化,同步硝化反硝化率在79%以上.在溶解氧水平为0.2、0.4、1.0和1.5 mg/L时,考察N2O的逸出情况.结果表明,溶解氧在1.0 mg/L时最有利于控制N2O的释放,每去除1g氨氮释放N2O 0.021 g,其N2O释放量仅为短程硝化反硝化的1/3.

SBR reactors were used to investigate the N2 O emission in shortcut nitrification and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification （SND）. Shortcut nitrification with nitrosation rate above 90% was realized by real-time control strategy. The N2O emission and variation of nitrosation rate were investigated under 4 DO levels （0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L）. The results turned out that the optimal DO to maintain high nitrosation rate and minimum N2O emission was 1.5 mg/L and the N2O emission was 0.06 g per ammonium removed. The SBR filled with carbon fiber performed under low DO and pulse feeding. The SND rate was over 79 % during the experiment. The N2O emission was studied under DO 0.2, 0.4, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/L. It turned out that the optimal DO was 1.0 mg/L and the N2O emission was 0.021g per ammonium removed. Compared to the shortcut nitrification, the N2O emission of SND was 1/3 of the short-cut nitrification under optimal DO.