做好地块调整是发挥土地整理项目最大效益的重要环节

Well Adjustment of Farmland Plots is the Key Linkage for Benefit Maximizing in Land Readjustment Projects

研究目的:发现土地整理项目存在的问题,改进工作,提高土地整理项目效益。研究方法:实地调查法,文献资料法,总结归纳法。研究结果:中国农户土地承包经营规模小,耕作地块零散,耕作效率低。国土资源部主导的土地整理工作偏重工程,鲜有进行地块调整和扩大耕作地块的。研究结论:应学习日本土地整理过程中注重产权调整和地块置换的经验,在未来的土地整理中,将承包地产权调整和地块置换作为重要环节,以扩大耕作单元面积和经营规模,提高劳动生产率,促进农业产业化发展和田间工程设施的可持续利用。

The purpose of this paper is to find the existing problems, improve the performance, and increase the benefits of land readjustment projects. Methods of field survey, literature consultation, summarization and induction were employed. The results indicated that the problems with which the Chinese peasants are facing include three aspects： the scale of contractual operation is small, the cultivation plots are distributed fragmentally, and the cultivation efficiency is low. The importance of project completion was overemphasized while the plot adjustment and cultivation plot enlargement are usually ignored. It is concluded that Japanese experience on land readjustment projects, which emphasizes the property right adjustment and plots replacement, can be used for reference. The property fight adjustment of contractual land and plots replacement should be considered as the key linkages in land adjustment projects in future in order to enlarge the cultivation unit area and operation scale, enhance the labor productivity, accelerate agriculture industrialization, and ensure the sustainable utilization of farmland infrastructure.