成人与少儿癫痫患者动态脑电图特征对照研究

A control study of dynamic EEG features of aduld and child epileptics

目的探讨成人与少儿癫痫患者脑电图改变及痫样放电的特点。方法将≥18a的165例癫痫患者设为成人组，〈18a的199例癫痫患者设为少儿组，对两组患者进行24h动态脑电图描记分析，比较两组清醒期与睡眠期脑电图改变及痫样放电状况。结果成人组清醒期脑电图正常和痫样放电率均显著低于睡眠期（χ^2=7．648、12．725，P〈0．01），而非特异性异常率显著高于睡眠期（χ^2=60．789，P〈0．01）。少儿组清醒期脑电图正常率显著高于睡眠期（χ^2=4．513，P〈0．05），痫样放电率显著低于睡眠期（χ^2=7．705，P〈0．01）。成人组清醒期非特异性异常率、睡眠期正常率均显著高于少儿组（P〈0．01），而痫样放电率均显著低于少儿组（P〈0．01）。结论成人与少儿癫痫患者腩电图改变和痫样放电各有其特征。成人癫痫患者在睡眠期脑电图呈正常或出现痫样放电的两极分化。

Objective To explore the features of EEG changes and epileptiform discharges in aduld and child epileptics. Methods 165 epileptics aged 18 and older were assigned to adult group and 199 ones 〈 18 years to child group, 24 hour dynamic electroencephalography were conducted and analyzed in both groups, and EEG changes of both waking and sleep stage and epileptiform discharge status were compared between the 2 groups. Results In adult group,EEG normality and epileptiform discharge rate were significantly lower（χ^2= 7. 648,12. 725, P〈0.01） and non-specificity abnormality rate significantly higher（χ^2=60. 789,P〈0.01） at waking than at sleep stage. In child group, EEG normality rate was significantly higher （χ^2= 4.513, P〈 0.05 ） and epileptiform discharge rate significantly lower （χ^2= 7. 705, P 〈 0.01 ） at waking than at sleep stage. Non-specificity abnormality rate at waking stage and EEG normality rate at sleep stage were significantly higher（P〈0.01） and epileptiform discharge rate significantly lower （P 0.01） in adult than in child group. Conclusion EEG changes and epileptiform discharges of adult and child epileptics have own features. At sleep stage, adult epileptics exhibit polarization of normal EEGs or epileptiform discharges.