小麦醇溶蛋白组分的遗传研究

Study of Inheritance of Wheat Gliadin Components

为探讨醇溶蛋白在小麦杂种后代的遗传特点,选用2个小麦杂交组合(苏引10号×晋农190、晋麦47×晋农190),用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(APAGE,pH 3.1)对其亲本及后代材料(F1、F2代)进行了电泳分析。结果表明,醇溶蛋白在F1代表现出共显性和倾母性(剂量效应)遗传特点;F2代蛋白谱带发生分离,具体表现为:Gli-13.9、23.2、26.0、34.8、40.2、46.2、50.0、71.5、73.8等9个组分的分离符合一对基因的分离规律,而Gli-12.7、15.7、16.5、19.1、26.9、30.5、30.8、32.2、76.8等9个组分的分离符合两对基因的分离规律;Gli-17.8既不符合一对基因的分离规律,又不符合两对基因的分离规律。这表明前9种蛋白受控于一对基因,后9种蛋白受控于两对基因;最后一种蛋白尚无法确定,需借助双向电泳做进一步研究。

In order to explore genetic characteristics of wheat gliadins components, the parents and F1, F2 generations of two crosses（＂Suyin 10 × Jinnong 190＂, ＂Jinmai 47 ×Jinnong 190＂） were studied by APAGE. It was showed that wheat gliadins were codominant and the female parent prevailed in F1 ; there were 9 bands segarated as a pair of gene, for example, Gli 23.2, 34.8, 40.2, 46.2, 71.5, 73.8, 13.9, 26.0, 50.0 and there were 9 bands separated as two pairs of genes in F2, in addition, Gli-17.8 did not follow with any one of them. It indicated that there were 9 gliadins controled by single gene, and an other 9 gliadins controled by two pairs of genes, but Gli-17.8 could not be determinated.