密度和施氮量对两系杂交小麦品种绵杂麦168主要品质性状的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Application Rates and Plant Densities on the Main Quality Characters of the Two-line Hybrid Wheat Variety Mianzamai 168

为了探索两系杂交小麦品种的高产优质栽培措施,就两种密度(6万及12万基本苗/667m2)、3种施氮量水平(5、10、15 kg N/667m2)及其互作对绵杂麦168部分品质性状的影响进行了研究。结果表明,除密度与施氮量对容重、密度对弱化度、密度与施氮量互作对形成时间的影响不显著外,密度与施氮量及其互作对降落数值、粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率、稳定时间,密度与施氮量互作对容重,密度与施氮量对形成时间,施氮量及密度与施氮量互作对弱化度的影响都达到极显著水平;除吸水率与降落数值外,密度为6万基本苗/667m2的品质性状优于密度为12万基本苗/667m2的。无论是在低用种量(6万基本苗/667m2)或者常规用种量(12万基本苗/667m2)下,绵杂麦168的各品质性状均有随施氮量的增加而改善的趋势,绵杂麦168各品质性状(除吸水率、湿面筋含量外)在施氮量为15 kg N/667m2下都能达到中筋小麦标准。同时对各品质性状的相互关系进行了分析,结果表明,弱化度与其余品质性状都呈极显著负相关;粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间这五个性状间互呈极显著的正相关。综合考虑用种成本、产量与品质等因素,绵杂麦168的高产优质栽培应在配合其他栽培措施的基础上,以密度6万基本苗/667m2、施氮量15 kg纯氮/667m2为宜。

In order to determine the cultivation measures on the quality of two-line hybrid wheat variety- Mianzamai 168, the effects of three nitrogen application rates and two plant densities and their interactions on the main quality characters of Mianzamai 168 were studied. The results showed that, except that the effects of plant density and nitrogen application rate on the test weight, the effects of plant density on the soften degree, the interaction of plant density and nitrogen application rate on the development time were insignificant, the other quality characters were effected by plant density, nitrogen application rate and their interactions significantly. Except for water absorption and falling number, the quality characters under the low plant density of 6 ×10^4 basic seedlings per 667m2 were superior to those of normal plant density of 12 × 10^4 basic seedlings per 667m2. Whether under low or normal plant density, the quality improved with the increase of nitrogen application rate, most quality characters except the water absorption and wet gluten reached medium-gluten wheat standard if nitrogen application rate were 15 kg nitrogen amount per 667m2. The correlationship between different quality characters showed that, SD had extremely significant and negative correlation with other quality characters. Protein content, wet gluten, water absorption, develop- ment time and stability time exhibited extremely significant and positive correlation with each other. Con- sidering the production cost, high yield and good quality, the suitable cultivation treatments of Mianzamai 168 were 6×10^4 basic seedlings per 667 m2 and 15 kg nitrogen amount per 667 m2 on the basis of other cultivation measures.