豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合增强降血脂效果

Improved Hypolipidiamic Effect of Resistant Starch-Soybean Dregs Mixture in Rats

目的:研究富含膳食纤维的豆渣饲料对抗消化淀粉降低因缺乏雌性激素导致的高血脂症效果的影响。方法:将32只Wistar成年雌鼠进行双侧卵巢切除手术,恢复后随机分为4组,分别饲喂膳食纤维总含量为2.6%(对照组)、41.7%(豆渣SD组)、39.8%(抗消化淀粉RS组)和40.5%(SD+RS复合组)的饲料。喂养5周后解剖,测定血清和肝脏中胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度、肝脏胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性以及小肠、盲肠中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸排泄量等指标。结果:与饲料对照组相比,RS、SD+RS明显降低血清和肝脏胆固醇浓度(P<0.05),SD、SD+RS显著降低血清甘油三酯浓度(P<0.05),SD+RS显著提高了小肠中胆汁酸总量、粪便中胆汁酸排泄量以及肝脏的胆固醇羟化酶(CYP7α)活性(P<0.05)。结论:豆渣与抗消化淀粉复合能明显提高抗消化淀粉降血脂效果。降低血清胆固醇浓度的可能机制是通过增加肠道中胆汁酸总量和粪中胆汁酸的排泄量来降低血液中胆固醇浓度。

This study was conducted for examining if soybean dregs rich in dietary fiber would enhance the alleviating effect of resistant starch on estrogen deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia in ovariectomized rats. Total 32 adult female Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and randomly divided into 4 groups： control group, soybean dregs （SD） group, resistant starch （RS） group and soybean dregs ＋ resistant starch （SD ＋ RS） group, which were fed diets containing total dietary contents of 2.6%, 41.7%, 39.8% and 40.5%, respectively. After 5 weeks of feeding, rats were sacrificed and anatomize and the levels of triglyceride and cholesterol in serum and liver, cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase activity in liver, bile acid pools in small intestine and cecum, and excretion of bile acid in feces were measured. Results showed that RS and RS ＋ SD groups exhibited a significant decrease in total cholesterol content in serum and liver （P 〈 0.05）, SD and SD ＋ RS groups exhibited a significant decrease in serum triglyceride content （P 〈 0.05）, and SD ＋ RS group exhibited significant increases in intestinal bile acid pool, fecal excretion of bile acids and cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase activity in liver when compared to control group （P 〈 0.05）. In conclusion, soybean drags can significantly enhance the hypolipidiamic effect of resistant starch, and the hypocholesterolemic effect of resistant starch appeared to be mediated by accelerated fecal excretion of bile acids and increases in intestinal pools.