发动机橡胶悬置特性的试验与建模研究

Test and Modeling of Characteristics of an Engine Rubber Mount

发动机橡胶悬置的动静态特性对隔振性能具有重要影响。设计了橡胶悬置特性测试系统,在不同频率和振幅的正弦位移激振下,测试了悬置的动静态特性;建立了悬置的动力学模型,采用最小二乘优化法对模型参数进行了识别。结果验证了模型对单一工况参数识别的有效性,表明悬置动刚度对激振频率和振幅有较大的非线性依从性,滞后角受激励影响较小;在受60Hz以上小振幅激励时,橡胶悬置隔振性能变差。

The static and dynamic characteristics of an engine rubber mount are very important to isolation performance. An experimental system of the characteristics of a rubber mount was built. Static tests and dynamic tests were carried out by using sine displacement signals with different excitation frequencies and amplitudes. Then a dynamic model of the rubber mount was proposed. The least square optimization method was used to identify parameters of this model. Therefore, the effectiveness of this model for parameter identification under single operating condition was validated. The test results indicate that the dynamic stiffness characteristics of the rubber mount are depended on the excitation frequency and amplitude. There is a little relation between the lag angle and the excitation signal. However, the isolation ability of the engine rubber mount becomes badly when it is excited by higher than 60Hz signal with small amplitude.