维持性血液透析患者依从性影响因素的研究

Qualitative research on the factors affecting compliance of patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的了解维持性血液透析患者依从性的影响因素,为提高患者的依从性提供依据。方法采用访谈法对10例维持性血液透析患者进行个案访谈,运用现象学分析法对资料进行分析。结果通过访谈归纳出3个主题:(1)医嘱的可操作性;(2)患者自身因素的影响,包括疾病相关知识、对疾病的认识程度和以往的行为习惯;(3)社会因素的影响,包括经济状况、生活压力、家人的关怀程度以及专业人员的监督和指导。结论为了增强维持性血液透析患者的治疗依从性,使患者自觉采纳与医嘱相一致的行为,应注重增强医嘱与健康教育的可操作性,关注认知心理、社会因素对依从性的影响。

Objective To explore the factors affecting compliance of patients with maintenance hemodialysis and to provide reference for the improvement of patients＇ compliance. Methods Ten patients with maintenance hemodialysis were individually interviewed in this study. The data were analyzed based on phenomenological method. Results Three factors were found,including feasibility of doctor＇s advice,characteristics of patients such as awareness of disease related knowledge,recognition to disease progression and usual behavioral pattern,as well as social factors such as economic status,life pressure,family support, professional supervision and guidance. Conclusion In order to enhance patients＇ compliance,it is suggested to improve the feasibility of doctors＇ advice and health education,as well as pay close attention to the influence of patients＇ recognition,psychological status and social factors on the compliance.