无锡都市区制造业的区位决策影响与适宜性分区

The Location Decision Effect and Suitability Regionalization of Manufacturing Industry in the Metropolitan Area: A Case Study of Wuxi City

通过对制造业区位决策的影响要素分析,讨论各区位因子对制造业适宜性分区的控制作用。以经济发达的无锡市为例,综合考虑生态约束、开发引导和相关空间因素,分别选择生态服务功能、灾害易损性、水环境风险进行生态约束要素分区评价;选择交通、集聚规模和土地潜力指标进行开发引导要素分区评价;同时考虑城镇和基本农田的分布状况。在此基础上,运用GIS空间分析方法,综合评价全市域制造业的适宜性分区,作为制造业空间区位决策的依据,其中生态环境约束较弱、开发引导较强的地区可以适当布局制造业项目,而生态环境约束较强、或开发引导较弱、或人口相对稠密、或优质农田分布的地区需要严格控制乃至禁止制造业项目的建设。

Based on the analysis of the indicators of manufacturing location decision, the paper discussed the control function of the indicators on the regionalization. Then, as a case study, Wuxi city, which is an economic developed city in the Yangtze-River Delta, is divided into several types of area by the indicators of ecological restriction, development orientation and other related spatial factors. Concretely, the paper estimated the regionalization of ecological restriction with ecosystem service, disaster sensitivity and the risk of water environment; estimated the regionalization of development orientation with the traffic accessibility, agglomeration level and the potential of land use; and the distribution of the town and basic farmland area also was considered. Furthermore, the paper applied the GIS spatial analytic technique to divide the suitability regionalization, taking which as the decision foundation of the manufacturing spatial location. The regionalization emphasizes the regions with low ecological and environmental restriction and high demand of development orientation should undertake manufacturing distribution; whereas those regions having high ecological and environmental restriction, low development orientation, high population density as well as the regions of the basic farmland should limit and even forbid the construction of manufacturing projects.