传统稻鱼系统病虫草害控制

Control of Diseases,Pests and Weeds in Traditional Rice-fish Ecosystem in Zhejiang,China

传统稻鱼系统是全球农业重要文化遗产的杰出典范和可持续农业的重要类型。本研究通过取样调查和田间试验相结合,研究了传统稻鱼系统的水稻生产过程农药的施用和病虫草害的发生。取样调查结果表明,与水稻单作相比,传统稻鱼系统的水稻产量不变,控制水稻病虫草害的农药施用量降低(3.13±0.31)kg.hm-2,农药使用次数也显著减少3.4次,而且农药的施用量与养鱼密度呈负相关。田间试验表明,稻鱼系统的产量显著高于水稻单种施用农药和水稻单作施用用农药的处理,病虫草害的发生显著降低。

The traditional rice-fish ecosystem is one of the outstanding examples of the globally important agricultural heritages and is a sustainable form of agriculture.By field sampling and controlled experiments,we studied the application of pesticides and occurrence of disease,pests and weeds through the rice production process in the ecosystem.The results obtained from field sampling showed that there is no significant difference of rice grain yield found between the rice monoculture and the traditonal rice-fish eoculture ecosystem was 3.13±0.31 kg·hm-2 fewer that applied in rice monocuhure ecosystem.,and the times of pesticides application in traditional rice-fish cocuhure was 3.4 less than that in rice monoculture ecosystem. The usage of agrochemicals was significantly negatively correlated with the fish population density in the traditional rice-fish coculture ecosystem. The results from field experiments showed that the rice grain yield in traditional rice-fish cocuhure ecosystem was significantly higher than that in rice monoculture with chemically control of disease,pests and weeds. The occurrence of diseases, pests and weeds in tradtional rice-fish cocuhure significantly decreased.