充填型溶腔的超前地质预报与地质灾害防治

Advanced geological prediction of filled caverns and control of geological disasters

岩溶隧道施工过程中,常揭露充填型溶腔,造成突水、突泥等地质灾害,开展溶腔超前地质预报与灾害防治工作可有效避免灾害发生.采用超前钻探和隧道地震波法(tunnel seismic prediction,TSP),综合超前地质预报方法对某隧道岩溶发育地区进行充填型岩溶预报,根据预报结论,及时调整和优化了原设计支护方案,采取超前帷幕注浆、超前小导管注浆和超前管棚注浆等超前支护措施加固危险段,制定桩基承担式桥跨方案处理隧道下方充填型溶腔,防止地质灾害发生,减少工程损失,保证隧道施工安全.

Unknown geological disasters, such as water inrush and mud gushing, are often triggered by disclosing filling cavities in the constructions of karst developing tunnels. Advanced geological prediction methods, drilling boreholes surveying and TSP were adopted for the prediction of filling cavities. And a former designed supporting program was adjusted and optimized according to the prediction conclusions. Other advanced supporting measures were also taken to support the dangerous districts, such as advanced curtain grouting, small-pipe grouting and pipe-shed grouting. In addition, pile-cap-bridges were introduced to handle the filling cavities under the tunnel. By this method, geological disasters were prevented, and construction loss was reduced, so that the construction safety of the tunnel was guaranteed.