宪法基本权利与民事权利之互动原因研究——以人格权为分析进路

The Theory of the Interactive Relationship between the Fundamental Constitutional Rights and Civil Rights:From the Perspective of the Right of Personality

宪法基本权利与民事权利之间的双向互动关系是宪法与民法之间关系的缩影,对其互动原因的分析研究,旨在探求影响和决定公法与私法、宪法与民法之互动关系背后的深层原因,从而厘清影响我国当前法治建设进程的相关理论观点。现代以来,随着国家职能的变迁和社会关系的日益复杂,传统的公私法二分式结构渐趋模糊,市民社会与政治国家之间的界限已不再分明,社会福利国家理论的兴起为宪法基本权利与民事权利、宪法与民法、公法与私法之间的互动和交流提供了现实的物质基础和广泛的作用空间。基于理论和实践层面的双重需求,现代国家更多地介入到了私权领域和经济社会生活中而冲破了原有的理论和制度对国家公权所埋设下的层层藩篱,由此导致了公私法在现代社会的各个层面上的互动和交融。

The interactive relationship between fundamental constitutional rights and civil rights is the primary aspect and important character of the Constitution and Civil Law. In modem times, with the decline of the theory of public law and private law, the boundary of civil society and political country is faint, as a result, the interactive relationship between the fundamental constitutional rights and civil rights becomes obvious. On the one hand, the exertion of a fundamental constitutional right can produce a new right of personality （civil right）, the provision of the fundamental rights could be protected by the system of the right of personality （ the relief system of civil right）, and the fundamental constitutional rights have the effect on the Civil Law. On the other hand, with the emergence of various concrete right of personality and the establishment of the general per- sonality system, the provision of the fundamental rights can be carried out. The development of the law of personality right could also promote the renewal and reconstruction of the constitutional idea.