藏、汉族人群HLA-DQA_1、DQB_1基因多态性

Comparison Study on the Polymorphisms of HLA - DQA, ,DQB, Gene in Northern Han and Tibetan

目的研究藏、汉族人群HLA-DQA_1、DQB_1等位基因频率分布及群体间的遗传距离。方法采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应(PCR/SSP)和PCR产物的限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR/RFLP)方法检测HLA-DQA_1、DQB_1各等位基因频率。结果结果显示,DQA_1*0501和DQB_1*0301为藏族常见等位基因,频率分别为23.2%和33.0%;而DQA_1*0301和DQB_1*0301为房山汉族常见等位基因,频率分别为25.0%和28.1%。藏族DQA_1*0201,DQB_1*0201,0601等位基因频率明显低于汉族人群,P值分别为<0.005,<0.025和<0.01;相反,藏族DQA_1*0501和DQB_1*0402等位基因频率明显高于汉族人群,P值分别为<0.005,<0.025。结论藏族与北方汉族HLA-DQA_1、DQB_1位点某些等位基因频率分布存在差异,可能与地理环境及自然选择有关。

Objective To study the polymorphism of the HLA - DQAl , DQB1 Loci in the Tibetan and northern Han＇ s populations. Methods The polymorphism of the HLA - DQA1 , DQB1 Loci in the Tibetan and northern Han＇ s populations was determined by PCR/ SSP, PCR/RFLP. The data were analyzed byx2 test, and the genetic distance was calculated by using Nei＇ s formula. Results Alleles of DQAl ＊ 0501 （23.2%） and DQB1 ＊ 0301 （ 33.0% ） were the most common alleles in Tibetan populations, while DQA1 ＊ 0301 （ 25.0% ） and DQB1 ＊ 0301 （28.1%） in northern Han＇s populations. Six alleles in the HLA -DQAI, DQB1 loci were observed with frequency dis- tributions being significant different between Tibetan and northern Han＇ s populations. Conclusion Tibetan population was closest to the northern Han population, which suggested that Tibetan and northern Han＇ s populations may belong to the Mongolia group. The special frequency distribution of HLA - DQA1, DQBt loci in Tibetan population might be the result of stress of different environment.