郑州城市空间扩展特征及其驱动因素分析

AN ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS AND DRIVING FORCES OF URBAN SPATIAL EXPANSION IN ZHENGZHOU

以遥感与GIS为技术支撑,对郑州市1976-2004年城市建成区面积进行了动态监测,并对郑州28 a来城市空间扩展特征和驱动因素进行了分析。结果表明,郑州市建成区从1976-2004年面积增加了5.81倍,平均每年扩展10.75 km^2。其扩展占用的土地利用类型主要是耕地,其次为农村居民点和其他建设用地,还有一些林地、水库和沼泽地。社会经济因素是建成区扩展的内在推动力,经济发展、政策和规划等是建成区扩展的主要驱动力。通过郑州建成区遥感监测,了解城市空间扩展规律,对正确处理城市扩展与占用土地的关系具有重要意义。

The built - up area of Zhengzhou has been changed great!y during the past 28 years. Based on remote sensing and GIS technology, the authors used a time series of Landsat MSS and TM images to extract the change of the built - up area in Zhengzhou. The results show that the built - up area increased by 5.81 times from 1976 to 2004 and expanded by about 10.75 km^2 each year. Large amounts of arable land, rural land and industrial and transportation land were converted into the urban built - up area, and some forest land, reservoir and wetland were also turn into the built -up area. The natural environment is the limiting factor for the urban expansion; the economic development and, especially, the increase of GDP and the growth of average salary make up the fundamental driving forces; the pohey and the urban planning are she guidance of extension of the urban built- up land. The influence of urban expansion from 1976 to 2004 on the peripheral land in different dynamic periods can be easily obtained from the monitoring result, which can help people understand the rule and characteristics of urban expansion and properly deal with the contradiction between land use and urban expansion.