考虑综合利用要求的三峡水库提前蓄水方案

Scheme of impounding in advance for the Three Gorges Reservoir by considering the comprehensive utilization benefits

采用三峡水库汛期分期方案,将蓄水时间提前至汛末期,综合考虑上下游防洪、发电、通航和蓄满率等要求,建立了多目标蓄水调度模型,构建了"优化-模拟-检验"的算法流程,采用遗传算法进行求解。结果表明,最优方案在满足上下游防洪安全要求的前提下,蓄水期可增发电量17%,减少弃水44%,蓄满率和通航保证率显著提高。通过对汛末期防洪库容进行科学划分和对蓄水调度图进行优化,既确保防洪安全又最大限度挖掘兴利效益,为研究水库汛末蓄水调度问题提供了一种新的思路和方法。

Considering the flood control, the power generation, navigation and the impounding ratios, a multi-objective scheme of impounding in advance is developed. An optimization-simulation-test algorithm is proposed, and the optimal im- pounding schemes for the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） are derived using the multi-objective genetic algorithms. The results show that under the condition of ensuring flood safety, the optimal schemes can generate 17% extra hydropower energy, save 44% flood water resources and also improve the fullness storage and navigation guarantee ratios greatly. To maximize compre- hensive utilization benefits on the premise of the flood control safety, the design flood routing method is well combined with the optimization method by scientifically dividing flood storage capacity into two parts and optimizing the reservoir impounding schemes, which provides a new way for studying the reservoir impounding.