西藏古建筑空鼓病害壁画灌浆加固效果初步检测

PRELIMINARY DETECTION OF GROUTING EFFECT ON DELAMINATED WALL PAINTINGS IN TIBET ARCHITECTURE

空鼓是西藏古建筑壁画中普遍存在的严重病害,空鼓壁画约占病害壁画总面积的75%以上。基于定量化评价壁画空鼓现象及其修复效果,利用探地雷达探测布达拉宫西大殿南壁壁画空鼓区的分布情况,并分析空鼓区电磁波反射特征。利用一定模数和浓度的PS材料对探测的壁画空鼓区进行灌浆加固处理,在经过1a的养护期后,再次利用探地雷达对加固的壁画区进行检测。检测结果显示,在未灌浆加固前块石墙体的反射信号较为强烈,加固后检测不出因空鼓而在层与层之间产生的电磁波反射信号,空鼓部位已经被灌浆材料紧密地黏结成一体。分析结果表明,PS材料灌浆技术可以有效治理壁画空鼓现象,利用探地雷达能够准确检测壁画空鼓状况及修复效果。

The detachment is one of the most critical diseases of ancient architecture murals at Tibet,and the area of detachment murals make up more than seventy-five percent of the total area of diseases murals.Based on working out measurable evaluation for the phenomenon of detachment murals and its repairing effect,the distribution of detachment murals were detected by ground-penetrating radar at the Potala palace,furthermore the reflection characters of electromagnetic wave were analyzed in detachment murals.For the detachment murals,PS materials of some moduli and concentrations were grouted into the detachment area.During one year for maintenance,the distribution of the detachment murals was detected by ground-penetrating radar again.It shows that the reflection signals of electromagnetic wave are strong in the stone-wall before grouting the detachment area,but after grouting the detachment area,it can not be detected between layers due to the detachment area felted for whole by PS material.It indicates that the grouting technology of PS material can effectively repair the detachment murals,and ground-penetrating radar can accurately improve the status of detachment and its repairing effect.