中国南方大型古遗址主要环境地质病害及其防治对策研究

RESEARCH ON PREVENTION COUNTERMEASURE AND MAIN GEOENVIRONMENTAL CAUSE OF LARGE-SCALE ANCIENT SITES IN SOUTH CHINA

分析我国南方潮湿岩体遗址的地质地理环境特征与病害类型,得出水害、围岩失稳和环境因素改变引起的破坏是最常见的地质病害,而水害是其中最重要的病害,因而治水是关键。同时,指出这类遗址保护工程既不同于普通的岩土工程,也不同于其他类型遗址的保护工程。结合文物保护技术要求提出防治工程中需解决的关键问题与技术思路。以印山越国王陵为例分析遗址区的水文、工程地质条件,采用赤平投影和块体极限平衡方法分析墓坑边坡的稳定性,提出高分子化学材料滴注+短锚的边坡加固方案,建立遗址区水文地质模型,提出地面防渗铺盖+排水暗沟的治水方案。工程实施后,效果很好。

Geo-environment characteristics and disease types of the sites located in watery rock and soil in South China were analyzed for the prevalent geological diseases were water-caused trouble,instability of the surrounding rock and the change of environment.Among the diseases,water-caused trouble was primary important,so the key of the conservation measure was to control the water.Since the cultural site is regarded as primary source,its conservation engineering is different from the ordinary geotechnical engineering.The conservation measures are decided by the geo-environmental condition of the site.Then basically technical scheme and the key technical problem of the conservation engineering are proposed.The mausoleum site of Yue Kingdom in Yinshan was taken as an example.After analyzing the hydrogeological conditions,the stereographic projection and the block limit equilibrium method are adopted to calculate the stability of the slope in the tomb pit.Drip of the polymer chemical material and short anchor to reinforce the slop are proposed.Finally,the hydrogeological model of the site region is established,and method of waterproof blanket and blind ditch to control the water is proposed.It was proven by practical engineering.