昭通市滑坡泥石流预警系统减灾效益分析

Disaster reduction benefit evaluation on landslide and mudflow warning system in Zhaotong City

昭通是长江上游滑坡泥石流最为发育、暴发频率最高的地区之一。1990年,依托长江上游水土流失重点防治工程(简称"长治"工程),昭通市建立了"长江上游水土保持重点防治区滑坡泥石流预警系统——昭通二级站",并有6个县10个监测点开展滑坡泥石流预警监测,有5个县开展滑坡泥石流群测群防工作。截至2007年年底,滑坡泥石流预警系统共成功预警76起,共撤离和转移危险区群众6380人,避免直接经济损失3579.4万元,成功治理了巧家大沙坝泥石流沟,为保护预警区域人民的生命及财产安全作出了较大的贡献。

Zhaotong in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is one of areas suffering from most frequent landslide and mudflow disasters. In 1990, a warning system called ＂Zhaotong Second-level Station＂ was built in the Zhaotong City within the key projects of erosion control in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River （＂Yangtze Project＂ in short）. The forecasting and warning system covers 10 monitoring sites in 6 counties. Mass monitoring and disaster prevention is also applied in 5 counties. Until the end of 2007, 76 incidents had been successfully predicted by the early-warning system. The evacuated and transferred people reached 6 380 and a direct economic loss of 35.794 million Yuan was avoided. The mudflow gullies in Dashaba of Qiaojia County have been successfully controlled, which contribute greatly to the safety of people＇s lives and property in the protected areas.