苏州市6148例新生儿听力筛查结果分析

An analysis of results of 6 148 cases of neonatal hearing screening in Suzhou city

目的通过对苏州市区新生儿先天性听力障碍发病率的筛查，了解新生儿听力障碍的发生率。方法使用丹麦MADSEN耳声发射仪，对6148例新生儿在出生后22—25天进行耳声发射检查，初筛未通过者在42天后再次复查畸变耳声发射或快速脑干听觉诱发电位，复筛仍未通过者进行听性脑干反应检查，以确定听力损失的性质和程度。结果553名新生儿未通过初筛，未通过率为9．0％（553／6148），其中463名初筛未通过惠儿进行复查，复查率为83．7％（463／553），242名通过畸变产物耳声发射复查，占52．3％（242／463），221名未通过畸变产物耳声发射复查，221名患儿中119名通过了快速脑干听觉诱发电位复查，占53．8％（119／221），102人需要进行听性脑干反应诊断检查，最终确诊18人异常，发生率为2．93‰,其中轻度9人，中度3人，重度3人，极重度3人，其中1人为听神经病。结论苏州市区新生儿先天性听力障碍发病率为2．93‰。

Objective To investigate incidence rate of neonatal hearing disorder in Suzhou city. Methods 6 148 neonates received otoacoustic emission test with TEOAE otoaeoustic emission instrument made in Denmark at 22 -25 days after bith for primary hearing screening. Those infants who failed to pass the screening were re-examined with DPOAE or AABR at 42 days after birth. Those who failed to pass re-examination then receieved auditory brainstem response （ABR） test to determine nature and extent of hearing loss. Results 553 neonates failed to pass the first screening, and the failure rate was 9% （553/6 148）. 463/553 infants reeived re-examination, and the reexamination rate was 83.8% , of which, 242 infants passed the second rescreening（52.3% ） and 221 infants failed to pass DPOAE reexamination. Among 221 infants who failed to pass DPOAE re-examination, 119 infants failed to pass the AABR re-screening（53.8% ） and resting 102 infants needed to receive diagnostic test with ABR. Finally, the diagnoses of hearing disorder of 18 infants were conformed and the incidendce rate of hearing disorder was 2.93%. Of which, 9 infants were diagnozed as mild hearing disorder, 3 infants were diagnozed as moderate hearing disorder, 3 infants were diagnozed as severe hearing disorder and 3 infants were diagnozed as very severe hearing disorder（ including 1 infant who was diagnozed as auditory neuropathy）. Conclusion The incidence rate of neonatal congenital hearing disorder is 2.93‰ in Suzhou city.