我国高等学校法人的内涵——事业单位和法人单位的二维视角观察

Juridical Entity Connotation of Universities and Colleges in China

高等学校法人应该从两个方面来理解:从事业单位的角度看,随着时代的发展,其组织特性和权力属性不断地发生着变化,其法人内涵也变得更加复杂。高等学校成为独立承担民事责任、享受民事权利、从事高等教育办学行为的复合型事业单位。从法律条款有关高等学校法人的规定,都是从事业单位的角度对属于教育行业中高等学校法律地位的确认及对其权利、责任、义务的赋予与限定,对于高等学对于高等学校法人的内涵,没有在民商法框架之外有新的突破。因此,对高等学校法人的认识和分析,既要基于现有法律基础,又不应局限于此,应从高等教育的特性、高等学校的事业单位属性、高等学校的行政法律地位及其内部管理关系等多重属性来认识。

The connotation of a university or college corporation should be understood from two aspects. As an institution, its organizational characteristics and power nature are changing as time going, thus the connotation of juridical entity is complicated. Accordingly, a university or college becomes a compound institution that independently bears civil responsibility, is entitled to civil right and runs higher education. In legal regulations, a university or college is regarded as an institution and accordingly endow and limit its right, responsibility and obligation are endowed and limited. There is no breakthrough from the limitation of civil and commercial law. Consequently, we should understand and analyze the connotation of a university or college juridical entity on the present base, but we should not be localized in it. We should take its characteristics of higher education, institution, administrative and legal stand, as well as the internal management relationship into consideration.