妊娠期宫颈癌筛查方法现状

Status of screening methods for pregnancy associated with cervical carcinoma and its precancerous lesions

宫颈癌是最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一，发病率有逐年上升趋势，严重威胁着妇女的健康。同时，妊娠期合并宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变的发生率也相对增加，对孕期宫颈癌的筛查越来越受到重视。宫颈癌筛查有人乳头瘤病毒检测、细胞学、阴道镜及组织学和醋酸、碘染色肉眼观察及联合筛查等方法，由于各个方法有其各自的优点和不足，因而需要各地跟据实际情况进行选择。重视并广泛开展妊娠期宫颈癌及其癌前病变的筛查，对实现妊娠期宫颈癌早诊早治有重要价值。

Cervical carcinoma is one of the commonest gynecologic malignant tumors, and it＇s incidence rate is increasing year by year. It threatens women＇ s health seriously. At the same time, the incidence rate of pregnancy associated with cervical carcinoma or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia （ CIN ） is accordingly increasing also. So, the screening of pregnancy associated with cervical carcinoma has attracted more and more attention. Screening methods for cervical carcinoma include HPV detection, cytology, colposcopy, visual inspection with acetic acid （ VIA ） and Lugol＇ s iodine （ VILI ） and combined screening methods. Every screening method has its own superiority and limitation. So a proper screening method should be selected according to actual situation in local areas. Devoting much attention to and extensively developing screening of pregnancy associated with cervical carcinoma and its precancerous lesions are important for early identification and treatment of pregnancy associated with cervical carcinoma.