秦汉妇女的继产承户

A Study on Inheritance of Household Property and Headship by Women in the Qin and Han Dynasties

单从文献资料来看,秦汉完全是一个以男性为主的社会,男性比女性享有更高的地位与权力。但简牍资料所反映的秦汉妇女,其并非完全从属于男性和夫家。秦汉不仅通过法律来掌握作为支撑国家和社会重要力量的妇女劳动力,还对妇女收税征役,并立法承认女性权益,其中包括从法律上保障妇女财产所有权和积累个人财富的权利,以及承认妇女在没有子嗣的娘家或是在夫家继产承户的权益。

In the literary documents,the society of the Qin and Han Dynasties was normally described as a male-dominated one in which men enjoyed far superior status and rights than women.However,in the Wooden Slip documents women were not actually so.They were not wholly subordinated to the male and her husband s home.The government of Qin and Han did not only control women s labor forces that were very necessary to maintain the state and society,impose taxes and compulsory services on them,but also grant a legal right to them with which women could succeed to the wealth and status of the head of family register of her parent＇s home or her husband＇s home that had no successor.