2型糖尿病海马损伤与HPA轴功能紊乱

The damage of hippocampus and the dysregulation of the HPA axis in T2DM

2型糖尿病患者出现下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA轴）功能紊乱，可能和海马损伤有关。一方面HPA轴功能紊乱可能通过引起海马胰岛素抵抗，突触可塑性改变，以及糖皮质激素受体紊乱影响海马功能及负反馈调节。另一方面，慢性应激所引起的海马损伤也可以导致HPA轴功能紊乱，从而形成恶性循环。本文就2型糖尿病患者HPA轴与海马损伤的关系作简要概述。

There is some evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical（HPA） axis dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. It may be associated with the damage of hippocampus. In one side,dysregulation of the HPA axis may induce insulin resistance in the hippocampus, changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and disarrangement of glucocorticoid receptor. In the other side, the hippocampal damage which induced by chronic stress may result in dysregulation of the HPA axis, thus creating a vicious cycle. This article will discuss the relationship between the HPA axis and the damage of hippocampus in T2DM.