小儿呼吸道感染216例细菌分布及药敏结果分析

Bacteria Distribution and Drug Susceptibility Analysis of 216 Cases Pediatric Respiratory Tract Infection

目的探讨沈阳地区小儿呼吸道感染常见致病菌分布及耐药状况,为临床及时诊治患儿提供依据。方法采用生物梅里埃公司的细菌自动鉴定系统(VITEK-32)对沈阳市儿童医院收治的216例呼吸道感染患儿的痰液进行细菌鉴定和药敏实验。结果216例患者的痰液标本中共检测到131株致病菌,其中,G-杆菌84株(64.1%),G+球菌17株(13%),混合感染15株(11.5%),真菌感染12株(9.2%),其他菌3株。G-杆菌对头孢他啶、头孢曲松、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉等耐药率均较高,对舒普深耐药率最低,其次为亚胺培南、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星等;G+球菌对红霉素、青霉素耐药率较高,对左旋氧氟沙星耐药率最低;3种真菌对抗真菌药物普遍敏感。结论本地区小儿患者呼吸道感染以G-杆菌为主要致病菌,真菌的感染率也呈上升趋势,治疗应根据药物敏感试验选用抗生素。

Objective To investigate the distribution of common pathogenic bacteria and the condition of drug resistance with pediatric respiratory tract infection in Shenyang,for clinical diagnosis and treatment of children with timely to provide a basis. Methods Used the automatic identification system of BioMerieux company VITEK-32 to carry out bacterial identification and sensitivity test for the sputum of 216 cases pediatric respiratory tract infection treated by Shenyang Children＇s Hospital. Results To detect 131 pathogens in 216 cases sputum specimens,which G^- bacillus of 84 strains（64.1% ）and G^＋ cocci of 17 strains（ 13% ）, mixed infection of 15 （ 11.5 % ）, 12 of fungal infection （9.2%）, 3 strains of other bacteria, G^ - bacilli is a higher rates of drug resistance, such as ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ampicillin, cefazolin, and to Sulperazon the resistance is the lowest, followed by imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, etc. G ^＋ cocci is a higher rate of resistance in penicillin and erythromycin, the lowest rate of resistance in levofloxacin;3 kinds of fungi in general sensitive to antifangal agents. Conclusion In this region, G^ - bacteria is the major pathagensin in patients with pediatric respiratory tract infections,fungal infection rates were also on the rise,treatment should be selected according to drag sensitivity test of antibiotics.