焦炉逸散物对作业工人细胞遗传毒性损伤的研究

STUDY ON THE DAMAGE OF CELL GENOTOXICITY INDUCED BY COKE OVEN EMISSION IN WORKERS

为探讨焦炉逸散物对作业工人细胞遗传物质的毒性损伤，寻找职业性肺癌的早期监测指标，选择炉顶作业工人167人，炉侧作业工人123人，辅助作业工人27人。每种作业按暴露工龄分为三组。不接触有害物质的作业工人336人为对照组。用微核检测法和单细胞凝胶电泳技术分别对外周血淋巴细胞微核和DNA损伤进行测定。结果显示，炉顶、炉侧作业区组的微核率均高于辅助作业区组和对照组，差异有极显著性（P＜0．01）；炉顶、炉侧11～20年组的＋级损伤与＞20年组的＋＋级损伤均高于对照组，差异有极显著性（P＜0．01），且随着工龄的的延长DNA损伤加重。结果表明，长期接触焦炉逸散物可损伤作业工人的遗传物质DNA，影响工人的健康。提示微核检测法和单细胞凝胶电泳技术相结合作为早期监测指标更好。

In order to study the damage of cell genotoxicity and find the early monitoring index of occupational lung cancer, the micronucleus in peripheral lymphocytes and DNA damage (single cell gel electrophoresis ) were determined. 167 workers working on the coke oven top, 123 at the oven side, and 37 of auxiIiary labor were chosen, each job-category was divided into three groups according to their length of exposure. The results showed that the frequencies of micronuclei on the groups of oven top and oven side were significantly higher than those of auxiliary labor and the control group (P<0. 01). Among the workers worked on the oven top and oven side with 11 - 20 years of exposure, the DNA damages of (+ ) degree and (++) degree for 20 years exposure and more were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0. 01). The longer they worked, the more serious was the DNA damage. It showed that the worker's DNA may be damaged and their health affected due to exposure to coke oven emission. So, the assay of single cell gel electrophoresis combined with the method of determination of the micronucleus is a better predicting monitoring indicator.